The Failure State of Bearing Is Distinguished by The Failure Mechanism And Performance

When motor bearings encounter issues, replacing them is a common practice. However, to determine the cause of the bearing problems, professional testing and evaluation are necessary. The failure mechanisms and specific symptoms of bearings can be analyzed from several aspects: Firstly, wear-induced failure. Wear is an inevitable issue in mechanical products; under normal conditions, bearings remain safe throughout their lifespan. However, when hard particles, contaminants, or oxides enter the bearing, they can accelerate wear. Metal chips from parts processing during motor production, metal chips from assembly processes, and other foreign objects entering the bearing can cause abnormalities in the raceway or rolling elements. In such cases, the motor bearing often produces noise accompanied by irregular vibrations, and upon inspection, some rolling elements may show signs of wear. Secondly, plastic indentation failure. When the actual load on the bearing is too high, especially under impact loads, the balls or raceways of the bearing may deform to varying degrees. This deformation occurs suddenly when the load increases, and the motor bearing or even the entire motor may experience significant and noticeable vibrations. Therefore, for heavy and impact load conditions, it is advisable to choose bearings with higher load capacity and to reinforce the shaft as necessary.

Third, fatigue spalling failure. This primarily refers to damage or cracks on the bearing surface and even deeper layers caused by external stress. The occurrence of this issue is closely related to the fit of associated components and the bearing's lubrication. For a well-designed and mature fit, more attention should be paid to the bearing's lubrication condition. Better lubrication can extend the bearing's service life, thereby ensuring that the motor's mechanical performance meets the required standards.