Vickers Hardness

Vickers hardness, represented by the symbol HV, was proposed by Robert L. Smith and George E. Sandland in 1921 at Vickers Ltd. It uses a diamond regular pyramid indenter with a relative angle of 136 degrees between its faces, which is pressed into the surface of the test sample under a specified load F. After holding for a certain period of time, the load is removed, the diagonal length d of the indentation is measured, and the indentation surface area is calculated. Finally, the average pressure on the indentation surface area is calculated, which is the Vickers hardness value of the metal.